• Temperature_Germination chart
  • When to Seed reference chart

These charts are only to give an idea of when to plant.  It’s important to consider your climate.  Theses references are good for mid US.

Temperature & Germination

Crop Minimum Percent Germination Days to Germinate Under Optimum Temperature and Moisture Conditions
Min °F Opt. °F Max. °F
Asparagus 60 50 75 95 10
Bean, Lima 70 60 85 85 6
Bean, Snap 75 60 80 95 7
Beets 65 40 85 95 4
Broccoli 75 85 4
Brussels Sprouts 70 80 4
Cabbage 75 40 80 100 4
Corn 50 50 80 95 4
Carrot 55 40 80 95 6
Cauliflower 75 40 80 100 5
Celeriac 55 70 11
Celery 55 40 70 85 7
Chicory 65 80 6
Chinese Cabbage 75 80 4
Cucumber 80 60 95 105 3
Eggplant 60 60 85 95 6
Endive 70 80 6
Kale 75 80 4
Kohlrabi 75 80 4
Leek 60 70 7
Lettuce 80 35 75 85 3
Muskmelon 75 60 90 100 4
New Zealand Spinach 40 70 6
Okra 50 60 95 105 6
Onion 70 35 75 95 6
Parsley 60 40 75 90 13
Parsnip 60 35 65 85 14
Pea 80 40 75 85 6
Pepper 55 60 85 95 8
Pumpkin 75 60 95 100 4
Radish 75 40 85 95 4
Rutabaga 75 80 4
Salsify 75 70 6
Spinach 60 35 70 85 5
Squash 75 60 95 100 4
Sweetcorn 75 50 95 105 3
Swiss Chard 65 40 85 95 4
Tomato 75 50 85 95 6
Turnip 80 40 85 105 3
Watermelon 80 60 95 105 4

When to seed:

Crop Start Seeds Indoors Start Seeds in the Ground
Beans Apr 6-20
Beets Mar 16-Apr 27
Broccoli Feb 9-23 Mar 16-23
Brussels sprouts Feb 9-23
Cabbage Feb 9-23 Mar 30-Apr 13
Carrots Mar 1-16
Cauliflower Feb 9-23 Mar 30-Apr 13
Celery Feb 9-23
Corn Apr 20-27
Cucumbers Mar 8-23 Apr 13-20
Lettuce Feb 23-Mar 8 Mar 30-Apr 20
Melons Mar 8-23 Apr 20-27
Onion sets Mar 8-16
Parsnips Mar 16-Apr 6
Peas Feb 23-Mar 8
Peppers Feb 9-23
Potato tubers Apr 6-20
Pumpkins Mar 8-23 Apr 13-20
Radishes Mar 30-Apr 13
Spinach Feb 23-Mar 8
Squash, summer Mar 8-23 Apr 13-20
Squash, winter Mar 8-23 Apr 13-20
Tomatoes Feb 9-23